Herbal-based dental fillings: A systematic review of natural alternatives in restorative dentistry

Abstract

Saleh Atiah Rajab Almalki*, Wehad Salem Attiah Alrefaei, Sarah Ahmad Amari Almalki, Reem Abdullah Babkier, Abdullah Mufid Mulla Niyzai, Fatimah Ahmed Abdullah Almalki, Fahad Mohammed Sayed Almatari, Itizaz Ahmad Hassan Alsamadani

Herbal-based dental fillings have gained increasing attention as potential alternatives to conventional restorative materials due to their biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties, and sustainable nature. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness, safety, and clinical applicability of herbal-based materials in restorative dentistry. Following PRISMA guidelines, relevant studies published between 2016 and 2024 were analyzed to assess the biological effects, mechanical properties, and long-term performance of herbal-infused dental fillings. The findings highlight the promising antibacterial and remineralization properties of medicinal plant-based compounds such as neem, aloe vera, propolis, and curcumin. While preliminary results suggest their potential as viable restorative materials, challenges such as variability in composition, long-term durability, and standardization require further investigation. Future clinical studies are essential to establish the efficacy and safety of these materials before their integration into mainstream dental practice.